Simple and compound predicate; copulas; a Qodiriy text
Lessons 36–38 · 3 lessons · M. Qodirov, H. Ne’matov, M. Abduraimova, R. Sayfullayeva, B. Mengliyev. Ona tili (Uzbek language), Grade 8, 4th edition. Cho‘lpon Publishing and Printing Creative House, Tashkent, 2019
38
Working with a text and dictionaries
Textbook: pp. 57–58
GoalAn extract from Qodiriy’s novel O‘tkan kunlar: old forms and change of word meaning.
The extract from Abdulla Qodiriy’s novel O‘tkan kunlar describes a large inn (caravanserai) where merchants and travellers stay. In the daytime people are busy with work, while in the evening food is cooked in the rooms and the inn becomes crowded and noisy. The author singles out one room at the far end of the inn as finer than the others. The text has forms that differ from today’s norm: qurilg‘an — qurilgan, ko‘b — ko‘p, ila — bilan. The meanings of some words have changed: hujra once meant a room in a madrasa or caravanserai, now it is also used for any small room. Widening and narrowing of meaning is a sign of language development; such words are checked in a dictionary.
Worked examples
Old and new forms: “bo‘lg‘an” → “bo‘lgan”, “ko‘b” → “ko‘p”, “ila” → “bilan”.
Meaning change: “xiroj” — once a tax name, now a rarely used historical word; “hujra” — a word whose meaning has widened.
Class activity
Old-new table: groups write six words of the extract with the “modern form” and “meaning”.
Practice
1
In what sense is “saroy” used in the extract?
In the sense of a large inn where merchants and travellers stay.
2
Bring “qurilg‘an” and “bo‘lg‘an” to the present norm.
Qurilgan, bo‘lgan.
3
How has the meaning of “hujra” changed?
It was a madrasa room; now any small room (the meaning widened).
4
Why is a dictionary needed when reading historical works?
Because the meaning of old words and forms differs from today’s language.