69
Nouns by structure. Simple nouns
Textbook: p. 106
GoalSort nouns by structure into simple, compound, paired and repeated.
New words
simple noun · sodda otcompound noun · qo‘shma otpaired noun · juft otrepeated noun · takroriy ot
Explanation
By structure there are four kinds of noun. A noun with only one stem is simple: uy, yer, tosh, tuz, daraxt. A noun with two or more stems is compound: qo‘lqop (glove), oltingugurt (sulphur), beshiktervatar (a bird, penduline tit). A noun formed of stems close or opposite in meaning is paired: o‘g‘il-qiz (boy and girl), idish-tovoq (dishes), ota-ona (parents). A noun whose second part repeats the first with a sound change is repeated: tuz-puz (salt and such), tovoq-povoq, uy-puy. Simple nouns may be root (uy) or derived (ishchi).
Worked examples
Simple: uy, quyosh. Compound: belbog‘ (belt), tustovuq (a game bird), uchburchak (triangle). Paired: aka-uka (brothers), ota-ona (parents). Repeated: choy-poy (tea and so on), ko‘z-po‘z.
Qo‘ziqorin (mushroom) — a simple noun (one stem); ohaktosh (limestone) — a compound noun (ohak + tosh).
Class activity
“Four little boxes”: children sort noun cards into simple, compound, paired and repeated boxes.
Practice
1
Sort by structure: yer, belbog‘, ota-ona, uy-puy.
yer — simple; belbog‘ — compound; ota-ona — paired; uy-puy — repeated.
2
Give an example of a paired noun.
For example: aka-uka, qalam-daftar, ko‘z-qosh.
3
What kind of noun is kungaboqar? What stems does it consist of?
A compound noun: kun + boq + -ar (the one that looks at the sun).
4
Why is o‘g‘il-qiz a paired noun?
It consists of two stems opposite in meaning and denotes one concept.