63
Imperative-optative mood
Textbook: pp. 97–98
GoalForm the imperative-optative mood.
New words
imperative-optative mood · buyruq-istak mayli1st person singular suffixes · -ay, -ayin3rd person suffix · -sin1st person plural suffix · -aylik
Explanation
The verb form that expresses a command, wish, request or advice to perform or not perform an action is the imperative-optative mood. Its suffixes: -(a)y, -(a)yin (1st person singular: boray, borayin), -(a)ylik (1st person plural: boraylik), -gin (-kin, -qin) and -(i)ng (2nd person singular: borgin, boring), -(i)nglar (2nd person plural: boringlar), -sin (3rd person: borsin). For example: Men o‘qiyin (Let me read). Qani, boraylik (Come on, let’s go). Siz o‘qing (You read). Ular kelsin (Let them come). The bare verb stem also expresses a command in the 2nd person singular: Bor! O‘qi!
Worked examples
Let me write. Let us write. You write. You (polite) write. Let them write.
You, children, read!
Class activity
“Command game”: one child gives a command (Turing!) and the others obey; then repeat changing the person (tursin, turaylik).
Practice
1
What is the 3rd-person suffix of the imperative-optative?
-sin
2
Form imperative-optative forms of bormoq: men, biz, sen, siz, ular.
boray, boraylik, bor (borgin), boring, borsin.
3
Form the 2nd person plural of o‘qimoq.
o‘qinglar.
4
Why does “Boraylik!” give the meaning of a proposal?
-aylik is the 1st person plural form: the speaker takes part and proposes doing it together.