61
Mood forms
Textbook: p. 95
GoalKnow the three moods of the verb.
New words
mood · maylindicative mood · xabar mayliimperative-optative mood · buyruq-istak mayliconditional mood · shart mayli
Explanation
The forms expressing report, command-wish or condition about an action are mood forms. The verb has three moods: indicative (keldi, keladi), imperative-optative (kel, kelsin, keling) and conditional (kelsa). The indicative reports about an action; the imperative-optative commands, requests or expresses a wish; the conditional shows that one action is a condition for another: Kelsa, gaplashamiz (If he comes, we will talk).
Worked examples
Indicative: He went to school. Imperative-optative: Go to school! Conditional: If he goes to school, he will find out.
Mood: indicative — kelmoqda (is coming); command — kelsin (let him come); conditional — kelsa (if he comes).
Class activity
“Which mood?”: the teacher says a sentence and children hold up one of three cards (indicative, command-wish, condition).
Practice
1
How many moods does the verb have? Name them.
Three: indicative, imperative-optative, conditional.
2
Which mood is each: kelsa, keldi, kelsin?
kelsa — conditional; keldi — indicative; kelsin — imperative-optative.
3
Make one form of yozmoq in each mood (3rd person).
yozdi (indicative), yozsin (imperative-optative), yozsa (conditional).
4
Why is “Kelsa, gaplashamiz” in the conditional mood?
Coming is a condition for talking; the suffix -sa gives the conditional meaning.