96
Verb-forming suffixes
Textbook: Part 4, pp. 56–58
ЦельThe topic of verb-forming suffixes: form past-tense verbs with the suffixes -gan, -kan, -qan and spell them correctly.
Новые слова
past-tense verb · o‘tgan zamon fe’liverb base · fe’l asosipast-tense suffixes · -gan, -kan, -qanlast sound · oxirgi tovush
Объяснение
In this topic the textbook teaches the suffixes -gan, -kan, -qan. Added to a verb base, they form a past-tense verb and show that the action was done earlier: kel – kelgan (has come), yoz – yozgan (has written). The last sound of the base decides the form: if the base ends in k, -kan is written; if it ends in q, -qan (chek – chekkan, has drawn; oq – oqqan, has flowed); in all other cases -gan is written. The suffix is written together with the base.
Примеры
Ariqdan suv oqqan. (Water has flowed along the ditch.) Bu ertak menga yoqqan. (I have liked this tale.) – oq + qan, yoq + qan.
O‘quvchi daftariga chiziq chekkan. (The pupil has drawn a line in the notebook.) Do‘stim mehmonga kelgan. (My friend has come to visit.) – chek + kan, kel + gan.
Работа в классе
“Three baskets”: three baskets labelled -gan, -kan, -qan are drawn on the board. The teacher says a verb base (yoz, oq, chek, kul); children look at the last sound of the base, choose the right basket and write the whole word.
Упражнения
1
Add the suffix: o‘qi, yoq, chek.
o‘qigan (has read), yoqqan (has pleased), chekkan (has drawn)
2
Why is -qan written in oqqan?
Because the base ends in q: oq + qan.
3
Which is right: kulkan or kulgan?
kulgan (the base ends in l, so -gan is used)