7
Text and topic
Textbook: pp. 11–12
GoalKnow what a text is and identify its topic and title.
New words
text · matntopic · mavzutitle · sarlavhamain idea · asosiy fikr
Explanation
A group of sentences linked both in meaning and in grammar and expressing one topic is called a text. The topic is what the text is about. The title states the topic or main idea briefly. Sentences in a text are linked by repetition, synonyms, pronouns, conjunctions and word order. A couple of unconnected sentences cannot be a text. Each sentence should follow logically from the one before.
Worked examples
“Autumn”. Autumn has come. It painted the trees yellow. The harvest was gathered in the orchards. — Topic: the season of autumn; the pronoun “u” (it) links to “kuz” without repeating it.
Unconnected sentences: I ate bread. Samarkand is a city. It rained. — This is not a text.
Class activity
“Choose a title”: the teacher reads a 3–4 sentence text and groups invent the best title and explain their choice.
Practice
1
What is called a text?
A group of sentences linked in meaning and grammar and expressing one topic.
2
What is the topic of a text?
What the text is about.
3
“Spring has come. It woke nature. Flowers opened in the gardens.” Give this text a title.
For example: “Spring”.
4
Why is “I ate bread. Tashkent is the capital.” not a text?
The sentences are not tied to one topic and have no link in meaning or grammar.