☰ Contents · Uzbek language

Auxiliary verbs and the formation of verbs

Lessons 44–47 · 4 lessons · N. Mahmudov, A. Nurmonov, A. Sobirov, D. Nabiyeva. Ona tili (Uzbek language), Grade 6. Tasvir Publishing House, 2017 (4th edition)
45

Meanings of auxiliary verbs

Textbook: pp. 71–73
GoalDistinguish the meanings of auxiliary verbs.
New words
beginning · boshlanishcontinuity · davomiylikpossibility · imkoniyatcompletion · tugallanish
Explanation

The auxiliary boshlamoq, added to the -a (-y) form, expresses the beginning of an action, and olmoq expresses the possibility of doing it: yoza boshladi (began to write), yoza oldi (was able to write). Yotmoq, yurmoq, turmoq, attached to the -(i)b form, express continuing action: o‘qib yotibdi (is lying reading), ishlab yuribdi (is working about), o‘ylab turdi (stood thinking). Yubormoq, tashlamoq, qo‘ymoq express a quick and easy action: yozib yubordi (wrote it off quickly), aytib tashladi (blurted out). Chiqmoq expresses full completion: o‘qib chiqdi (read through). Besides these, bermoq (for another person: yozib berdi) and ko‘rmoq (trying: yozib ko‘rdi) also act as auxiliaries. Voice and negation forms can stand on the leading or the auxiliary verb, but tense and person-number suffixes only on the auxiliary.

Worked examples
It began to snow. I can solve this problem. My brother is working (continuing action).
I wrote the letter off quickly. I read the book through.
Class activity

“Meaning cards”: children group sentences with auxiliaries by beginning, continuation, possibility, completion and speed.

Practice
1
Which auxiliary verb expresses beginning?
2
Name the meaning of the auxiliary: Men kitobni o‘qib chiqdim.
3
Compose a sentence with the auxiliary olmoq in the sense of possibility.
4
Why is tashlamoq not in its own meaning in aytib tashladi?