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Consonants and their spelling

Lessons 4–6 · 3 lessons · M.E. Toirova (Part 1); D.D. Baynazarova and M.E. Toirova (Parts 2 and 4); D.D. Baynazarova (Part 3). Native Language (Ona tili) Grade 4, Parts 1–4. Novda Edutainment, Tashkent, 2023
4

Consonant sounds and letters

Textbook: Part 1, pp. 17–20
GoalKnow consonant sounds and letters, and voiced and voiceless pairs.
New words
consonant sound · undosh tovushvoiced · jaranglivoiceless · jarangsizpair · juft
Explanation

When we say a consonant, the air meets an obstacle in the mouth. Uzbek has 24 consonant sounds. They are written with single letters and with the letter combinations sh, ch, ng. Many consonants form voiced–voiceless pairs: b–p, d–t, g–k, z–s, v–f, j–sh. In a voiced consonant the voice is clearly heard; in a voiceless one we hear mostly noise (breath).

Worked examples
bahor (spring): b, h, r — 3 consonants; a, o — 2 vowels; 5 sounds in all.
shifokor (doctor): sh, f, k, r — 4 consonant sounds; i, o, o — 3 vowels; 7 sounds and 8 letters in all.
Class activity

“Find the pair”: the teacher says a voiced consonant (b, d, g, z, v, j); children say its voiceless pair, or the other way round.

Practice
1
Name the consonant sounds in daryo (river).
2
Give the voiced pair of the consonants p, t, s.
3
How many consonant sounds are in chelak (bucket)?