☰ Contents · Native language

The directional and the locative case

Lessons 34–36 · 3 lessons · M.E. Toirova (Part 1); D.D. Baynazarova and M.E. Toirova (Parts 2 and 4); D.D. Baynazarova (Part 3). Native Language (Ona tili) Grade 4, Parts 1–4. Novda Edutainment, Tashkent, 2023
34

The directional case, jo‘nalish kelishigi (2)

Textbook: Part 2, pp. 37–38
GoalUse the directional case with verbs and write it after possessive suffixes.
New words
directional case · jo‘nalish kelishigitrip · sayohatguest · mehmonletter · xat
Explanation

A noun in the directional case is often joined to a verb: maktabga bordi, do‘stiga xat yozdi, bog‘ga yugurdi. -ga is also added to nouns with possessive suffixes: kitobim – kitobimga, uying – uyingga, daftari – daftariga. Besides direction, the directional case can show purpose: o‘qishga ketdi (went to study), ovqatga o‘tirdik (sat down to eat).

Worked examples
Men do‘stimga xat yozdim. (I wrote a letter to my friend.) Opasi ukasiga non berdi. (The older sister gave bread to her little brother.)
Yozda biz qishloqqa sayohatga chiqdik. (In summer we set off on a trip to the village.) qishloqqa, sayohatga – Qayerga? Nimaga?
Class activity

“We write a letter”: children write a short letter to a classmate with at least two directional-case words (kimga? qayerga?).

Practice
1
Write with a possessive suffix: kitob (men) + ga, uy (sen) + ga.
2
Answer with a question word: Ona bolaga olma berdi. (Mother gave the child an apple.) To whom did she give it?
3
Complete: Bolalar (bog‘) … yugurdi.