20
Suffixes that link words
Textbook: Part 2, pp. 65–67
GoalKnow that the suffixes -ning, -ni, -ga, -da, -dan link words in a sentence.
New words
linking suffix · bog‘lovchi qo‘shimchato link · bog‘lamoqquestion · so‘roqhouse · uy
Explanation
The suffixes -ning, -ni, -ga, -da, -dan link words in a sentence. They do not form new words; the meaning of the word stays the same. Each answers its own questions: -ning — Kimning? Nimaning? (whose, of what); -ni — Kimni? Nimani? (whom, what); -ga — Kimga? Nimaga? Qayerga? (to whom, to where); -da — Qayerda? Kimda? (where, at whom); -dan — Kimdan? Nimadan? Qayerdan? (from whom, from where).
Worked examples
Maktabdan uyga keldim. (I came home from school.) Qayerdan? — maktabdan (-dan). Qayerga? — uyga (-ga).
Opamning qizi gulni hidladi. (My sister’s daughter smelled the flower.) Kimning qizi? — opamning (-ning). Nimani? — gulni (-ni).
Class activity
“Suffix cards”: the teacher shows word cards. Children hold up the fitting card among -ning, -ni, -ga, -da, -dan (for example, bog‘ — bog‘da or bog‘dan).
Practice
1
Add the right suffix: Biz sinf... o‘qiymiz. (We study in the classroom.)
sinfda
2
Add the right suffix: Men uy... chiqdim. (I went out of the house.)
uydan
3
Baliqchi or baliqni: which is a new word and which has a linking suffix?
Baliqchi — a new word (-chi). Baliqni — linking -ni.