☰ Contents · Russian language

Review of the grammar

Lessons 29 · 1 lessons · S. Yu. Islambekova, Yu. Yu. Musurmanova, Z. Kh. Abduraimova, L. N. Tagieva. Russian Language, Grade 11 (textbook for secondary, specialised secondary and vocational institutions with Uzbek and other languages of instruction), 1st edition. DAVR NASHRIYOTI, Tashkent, 2018
29

Review questions and tasks on the grammar

Textbook: p. 109
GoalReview the main ideas of the syntax course (word combination, simple and complex sentence, parts of the sentence, punctuation, direct speech) and apply them in analysis.
New words
словосочетание (word combination) · словосочетание (so‘z birikmasi)грамматическая основа (grammatical base) · грамматическая основа (grammatik asos)сложноподчинённое предложение (complex sentence with a subordinate clause) · сложноподчинённое предложение (ergash gapli qo‘shma gap)синтаксический разбор (syntactic analysis) · синтаксический разбор (sintaktik tahlil)
Explanation

A map for review. A word combination has only subordinate link: agreement, government, adjunction. The main parts of a sentence are the subject and predicate; the secondary parts are the attribute (agreeing, non-agreeing, apposition), the object (direct, indirect) and the adverbial (manner, place, time, reason, purpose, condition, concession). One-member sentences are of four kinds: nominative, definite-personal, indefinite-personal, impersonal. Homogeneous parts, set-off attributes and objects, and parenthetical constructions are set off by commas. Complex sentences are of three kinds: compound («ССП»), with a subordinate clause («СПП»: explanatory, attributive, place, time, reason and result, purpose, condition and concession clauses) and asyndetic (comma, semicolon, colon, dash). Direct speech becomes indirect speech through an explanatory clause; parallel constructions express one idea in different structures. Order of analysis: 1) count the grammatical bases; 2) name the kind of sentence; 3) find the conjunction or conjunctive word between the parts; 4) justify the punctuation; 5) draw the scheme.

Worked examples
«Когда стемнело, мы, усталые и довольные, вернулись в лагерь». Two bases; a complex sentence (a clause of time); a set-off attribute referring to the pronoun «усталые и довольные». Scheme: «(когда ...), [мы, ..., вернулись ...]».
«Он, к счастью, успел: поезд ещё стоял». Two bases; an asyndetic sentence, the colon expresses reason (explanation); «к счастью» is a parenthetical phrase.
Class activity

“Analysis relay”. Teams analyse one sentence step by step (bases, kind, conjunction, punctuation, scheme); a different student answers each step.

Practice
1
Name the kind of link: «жить в городе», «красивое здание», «говорить тихо».
2
Name the kind of sentence and punctuate: «Мы пришли когда начался дождь». «Тихая ночь». «Я понял он не придёт».
3
Find and correct the mistake: «Потому что было поздно, мы ушли». «Он любит и интересуется музыкой».
4
Turn into indirect speech: «Тренер спросил: “Вы готовы?”»