Darslar 32 · 1 ta dars · F. Rashidova, N. Tillayeva, M. Xamzayeva, G. Ristiboyeva. English, Pupil’s Book (Ingliz tili), 11-sinf, 1-nashr. «O‘zbekiston» NMIU, Toshkent, 2018
32
Plagiatdan qanday qochish (B)
Darslik: 134–137-betlar
MaqsadParaphrasing amaliyoti: sinonim va tuzilmani o‘zgartirish; insho yozish uchun reja; relative clauses bilan murakkab gap tuzish.
Yangi so‘zlar
sinonim · synonymtuzilma · structureqayta ifodalamoq · rephraseasl matn · original text
Tushuntirish
Qayta bayon qilish uch bosqichdan iborat: 1) asl matnni tushunib, ma’nosini 1–2 gap bilan o‘zingizga tushuntiring; 2) matnga qaramasdan o‘z so‘zlaringiz bilan yozing; 3) asl matn bilan solishtirib, ma’no saqlanganini va ibora bir xil emasligini tekshiring. Usullar: sinonim ishlatish (big → large), so‘z turkumini almashtirish (decide → decision), gap tartibini o‘zgartirish (faol ↔ majhul), ikki gapni nisbiy gap bilan birlashtirish. Muhim: texnik atamalar, nomlar va raqamlar o‘zgarmaydi. Qayta bayondan keyin ham manbani yozing: According to Karim (2022), ... Insho rejasi: kirish (tezis), 2–3 asosiy fikr, xulosa.
Namunalar
Original: Many students feel stressed before exams. Paraphrase: A large number of learners experience anxiety ahead of tests.
Original: The teacher marked the papers. Paraphrase: The papers were marked by the teacher.
Sinfda faoliyat
«Paraphrase relay»: qator bo‘ylab gap uzatiladi; har bir o‘quvchi uni o‘z so‘zi bilan o‘zgartiradi. Oxirida ma’no saqlanganmi tekshiring.
Mashq
1
Paraphrase: Pollution is a serious problem in many cities.
For example: In numerous towns and cities, pollution has become a major concern.
2
Change the word class: decide → noun
decision
3
Is this a good paraphrase? Original: Reading improves vocabulary. → Improving vocabulary: reading.
No, it only changes the order and keeps the same words; use synonyms and a new structure.
4
Why should the source still be named after you paraphrase?
The idea still comes from the author, so we must give credit even if the words are ours.