Darslar 7 · 1 ta dars · F. Rashidova, N. Tillayeva, M. Xamzayeva, G. Ristiboyeva. English, Pupil’s Book (Ingliz tili), 11-sinf, 1-nashr. «O‘zbekiston» NMIU, Toshkent, 2018
7
Global isish (A)
Darslik: 34–37-betlar
MaqsadUchinchi shartli gap (Conditional III): o‘tmishdagi o‘zgarmas vaziyat va afsus; global isish lug‘ati.
Uchinchi shartli gap o‘tmishda bo‘lmagan narsa va uning xayoliy natijasi haqida: If + Past Perfect (had + V3), would have + V3. If people had planted more trees, the valley would have stayed greener. Bu tuzilma afsus yoki tanqidni bildiradi: ish allaqachon bo‘lib o‘tgan va uni o‘zgartirib bo‘lmaydi. Global isish (global warming) – Yer o‘rtacha haroratining uzoq muddatda ko‘tarilishi; asosiy sabablaridan biri ko‘mir, neft va gazni yoqishda chiqadigan karbonat angidrid (carbon dioxide) kabi issiqxona gazlaridir. Ikkinchi va uchinchi shartlini adashtirmang: If I had a car, I would drive (hozir yo‘q); If I had had a car, I would have driven (o‘tmishda yo‘q edi).
Namunalar
If the factory had installed filters, the river would not have turned grey.
If the ice had not melted so quickly, the polar bear would have found food nearby.
Sinfda faoliyat
«Regret chain»: o‘quvchi afsus bildiradi (I didn’t save my work), sherigi uchinchi shartli bilan javob beradi (If you had saved it, you wouldn’t have lost it).
Mashq
1
Complete: If we ___ (leave) earlier, we ___ (not / miss) the train.
had left; would not have missed
2
Make a third conditional sentence: the farmer / not water the field / the crop / die. (Use the real past: he did not water; the crop died.)
If the farmer had watered the field, the crop would not have died.
3
Is this sentence second or third conditional? “If glaciers had stayed stable, sea levels would not have risen.”
Third conditional, because it talks about the unreal past.
4
Why is the third conditional often used to express regret?
Because it describes a past action that cannot be changed, so we can only imagine a different result.