☰ Contents · Technology

Making items, ornament and trades

Lessons 42–45 · 4 lessons · Sh. Sharipov, N. Muslimov, O. Tolipov, Q. Abdullayeva, O. Qo‘ysinov, V. Sattorov, S. Ahmadaliyev, M. Mo‘minova. Mehnat ta’limi (Labour Education / Technology), Grade 5. Sharq Publishing, Tashkent, 2015
42

Using wood to make household items

Textbook: p. 83
GoalKnow how to make household items (stool, clothes hanger) from wood.
New words
stool · kursiclothes rack (hanger) · kiyim ilgichtechnological map (work plan) · texnologik xaritablank · zagotovka
Explanation

Household items such as a stool, a clothes hanger and boards are made from a drawing. First the drawing is made, then a technological map is compiled from it: it lists the sequence of work, a sketch, measuring and working tools and fixtures. The workplace is taken, measuring and marking are done to the drawing, then planing, cutting, filing and finishing follow in order. The legs and seat of a stool must be joined strongly because weight rests on it: so hard wood is chosen and the joint is strengthened with nails, screws or a tenon-and-socket. In a clothes hanger the pegs are fixed firmly to the board, and the board itself is fixed securely to the wall. In complex operations the teacher helps. At the end the item is sanded, its edges rounded and sharp corners removed, otherwise it can cause injury.

Worked examples
A 20 mm thick hard board is chosen for the stool seat because a thin one could bend and break.
On a rack with 4 pegs evenly spaced: if the board is 600 mm long and the spacing 150 mm, there are 3 gaps between pegs (3 × 150 = 450), so (600 − 450) ÷ 2 = 75 mm is left at each end; the pegs are at 75, 225, 375 and 525 mm.
Class activity

Technological map table: pairs compile a map for the clothes hanger in the notebook (No. – operation – tool). Making is done only with the teacher in the workshop; at home sawing, drilling and nailing are with adults.

Practice
1
What is written in a technological map?
2
Why is hard wood chosen for a stool?
3
Why are edges rounded at the end?
4
A 900 mm board, 3 pegs 300 mm apart (150 mm from the end): where are they?