Darslar 3–4 · 2 ta dars · F. Rashidova, N. Tillayeva, Z. Karimova. Pupil’s Book (Ingliz tili), 10-sinf, 1-nashr. «O‘zbekiston» NMIU, Toshkent, 2017
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Mashhur insonlar (A)
Darslik: 18–21-betlar
MaqsadPast Simple va Past Perfect farqi; so‘z turkumlari (noun, verb, adjective); mashhur shaxslar haqida gapirish.
Yangi so‘zlar
olim · scholarkashfiyot · discoveryasar · work / treatiseqoldirmoq (meros) · to leave behind
Tushuntirish
Past Simple o‘tmishdagi tugagan voqeani bildiradi: Ulugh Beg built an observatory in Samarkand in the 1420s. Past Perfect (had + V3) o‘tmishdagi boshqa voqeadan oldinroq sodir bo‘lgan ishni ko‘rsatadi: By the time he became ruler of Samarkand, he had already studied astronomy for years. Ikki voqeani solishtiring: When we arrived, the lecture had started (avval ma’ruza boshlangan, keyin biz keldik); When we arrived, the lecture started (biz keldik, so‘ng ma’ruza boshlandi). Past Perfect bilan ko‘pincha by, by the time, before, after, already, when ishlatiladi. So‘z turkumlarini ajratish uchun qo‘shimchalarga qarang: -tion, -ment, -er (noun); -ize, -ate (verb); -ous, -ful, -al (adjective). Ko‘p so‘z ikki turkumga tegishli bo‘ladi: a test (noun) – to test (verb).
Namunalar
Alisher Navoi wrote poems in Chagatai Turkic. Before he was thirty, he had already become famous as a poet.
Al-Beruni travelled to India in the 11th century. He had learned Sanskrit before he wrote his famous book about the country.
Sinfda faoliyat
«Who am I?»: o‘quvchi mashhur shaxs haqida 4 ta gap yozadi (kamida bittasi Past Perfect bilan: Before I was twenty, I had ...) va sinf kim ekanini topadi.
Mashq
1
Choose: When the guests arrived, we ___ (already / finish) dinner, so we just had tea.
had already finished
2
Join the two actions with “before” and Past Perfect: He learned Arabic. Then he read the old books.
He had learned Arabic before he read the old books.
3
Which part of speech is each word: invention, famous, organize?
invention – noun; famous – adjective; organize – verb
4
Why do we say “When I got to the station, the train had left” and not “the train left”?
Because the train left first. Past Perfect shows that this action happened before the other past action (my arrival).