Darslar 2 · 1 ta dars · F. Rashidova, N. Tillayeva, Z. Karimova. Pupil’s Book (Ingliz tili), 10-sinf, 1-nashr. «O‘zbekiston» NMIU, Toshkent, 2017
2
O‘zbekistonga xush kelibsiz! (B)
Darslik: 14–17-betlar
MaqsadMajhul nisbat (Passive Voice): be + V3, Present/Past/Future va modal fe’llar bilan; tavsiflovchi inshoda sifatlardan foydalanish.
Yangi so‘zlar
Vatan · motherlandtug‘ilgan joy · birthplaceg‘urur · prideta’riflamoq · to describe
Tushuntirish
Majhul nisbat harakatni bajaruvchidan ko‘ra harakatning o‘zi yoki natijasi muhim bo‘lganda ishlatiladi. Shakli: to be + o‘tgan zamon sifatdoshi (V3). Present Simple: Cotton is grown in many regions. Past Simple: The bridge was built in 1998. Future: The festival will be held in May. Modal bilan: Litter should be put in the bin. Present Perfect: The road has been repaired. Bajaruvchi muhim bo‘lsa, by bilan beriladi: The poem was written by a student. Faqat o‘timli fe’llar (obyektli) majhul nisbatga o‘tadi: «to arrive» dan passiv yasab bo‘lmaydi. Tavsiflovchi insho (descriptive essay) uchun esa his-tuyg‘ularga ta’sir qiluvchi sifatlar tanlang: quiet, crowded, breathtaking, narrow, ancient.
Namunalar
Fruit is dried in the sun and then it is sold at the bazaar. The old madrasa was restored last year, and a new museum will be opened next spring.
Which of these sentences is passive? – The students planted trees (active). Trees were planted by the students (passive).
Sinfda faoliyat
«Active–Passive tennis»: o‘quvchilar juft bo‘lib, biri faol gap aytadi, sherigi uni darhol majhul nisbatga aylantiradi (We eat plov – Plov is eaten). Xato qilgan nuqta yo‘qotadi.
Mashq
1
Put the verb in the passive: This carpet ___ (make) by hand in Margilan. (Present Simple)
is made
2
Change to the passive: Workers repaired the road in August.
The road was repaired in August (by workers).
3
Write one passive sentence about your town with will or should.
For example: A new park will be built near the river. / Old buildings should be protected.
4
Why do newspapers often use the passive in headlines like “Bank robbed”?
Because the event is more important than the doer, or the doer is unknown.