E-learning – internet va raqamli qurilmalar orqali o‘qish. Asosiy so‘zlar: online course, platform, download / upload, login, password, video lesson, quiz, forum, file, software. O‘zlashtirma gap (reported speech) birovning gapini o‘z so‘zlarimiz bilan aytib berish. Reporting fe’li o‘tgan zamonda bo‘lsa, gapdagi fe’l orqaga suriladi: Present Simple → Past Simple; Present Continuous → Past Continuous; Past Simple → Past Perfect; Present Perfect → Past Perfect; will → would; can → could; must → had to. «I am watching a lecture,» she said → She said she was watching a lecture. Olmoshlar ham o‘zgaradi: I → he/she. That so‘zi ixtiyoriy. Say / tell farqini eslang: said that..., told me that...
Namunalar
“I have finished the online course,” Murod said. → Murod said that he had finished the online course.
“We can download the files,” the teacher told us. → The teacher told us that we could download the files.
Sinfda faoliyat
«Xabar topshirish»: bir o‘quvchi aytadi, ikkinchisi aytilganini o‘zlashtirma gapda uchinchisiga yetkazadi.
Mashq
1
Report: “I use this platform every day,” she said.
She said she used that platform every day.
2
Report: “I will upload the video,” he said.
He said he would upload the video.
3
Report: “They have solved the quiz,” Ali said.
Ali said they had solved the quiz.
4
Why does “can” become “could” in reported speech?
Because the reporting verb is in the past, so the modal moves one step back as well.