☰ Mundarija · Ingliz tili

Modal fe’llar: yutuq va majburiyat

Darslar 9 · 1 ta dars · F. Rashidova, N. Tillayeva, Z. Karimova. Pupil’s Book (Ingliz tili), 10-sinf, 1-nashr. «O‘zbekiston» NMIU, Toshkent, 2017
9

Ortga nazar... oldinga qadam... (A)

Darslik: 42–45-betlar
MaqsadModal fe’llar: can / could / be able to, must / have to / need to, may / might – qobiliyat, majburiyat, ruxsat, ehtimol; o‘z yutuqlaringiz haqida gapirish.
Yangi so‘zlar
yutuq · achievementerishmoq · to achieveruxsat · permissionmajburiyat · obligation
Tushuntirish

Modal fe’llardan keyin to‘liqsiz infinitiv (to‘siz) keladi, ular -s qabul qilmaydi va savol-inkorni o‘zlari yasaydi. Can – hozirgi qobiliyat yoki ruxsat; could – o‘tgan zamondagi qobiliyat: I could read at the age of five. Aniq bir marta erishilgan natija uchun was able to ishlatiladi: She was able to finish the project in time. Must – ichki yoki kuchli majburiyat; have to – tashqi qoida: Students have to wear a uniform. Mustn’t – taqiqlaydi, don’t have to esa majburiyat yo‘qligini bildiradi: You don’t have to come on Sunday (kelsangiz ham, kelmasangiz ham bo‘ladi). May / might – ehtimol: I might study engineering. Ruxsat so‘rashda May I...? eng rasmiy, Can I...? norasmiy.

Namunalar
I couldn’t swim at six, but now I can swim two kilometres. Last summer I was able to pass the lifeguard test.
You mustn’t use your phone during the exam, but you don’t have to bring a calculator – the school provides one.
Sinfda faoliyat

«Yutuqlar to‘ri»: sinfdoshlar bir-biridan «Find someone who could ... when they were 7» savollarini so‘rab, javoblarni to‘plashadi.

Mashq
1
Complete: Yesterday the network was down, but the engineer ___ fix it in an hour. (could / was able to)
2
What is the difference: “You mustn’t park here” and “You don’t have to park here”?
3
Write a sentence with might about your future.
4
Why do we say “She was able to win” rather than “She could win” for one race that she won?