Lessons 26 · 1 lessons · Q. Yo‘ldoshev, B. Qosimov, V. Qodirov, J. Yo‘ldoshbekov. Literature, Grade 7. “Sharq” publishing house, Tashkent, 2017 (revised 4th edition)
26
Alisher Navoiy
Textbook: pp. 168–172
GoalKnow Alisher Navoiy’s life and main works.
New words
Khamsa (five dastans) · Xamsadivan, collection of poems · devonpen name · taxallusgreat amir (high title) · amiri kabir
Explanation
Alisher Navoiy was born in Herat on 9 February 1441 and studied at school together with the future sultan Husayn Boyqaro. He wrote poems from youth, using the pen name “Navoiy” for his Uzbek poems and “Foniy” for his Persian ones. When Husayn Boyqaro came to the throne of Herat in 1469, he became first the keeper of the seal, then vizier, and received the title “amiri kabir”. In 1483–1485 he was the first to write in the Turkic language a “Khamsa” of five dastans; he also made the “Xazoyin ul-maoniy” collection of divans and wrote works such as “Muhokamat ul-lug‘atayn”, “Majolis un-nafois”, “Mezon ul-avzon”, “Lison ut-tayr” and “Mahbub ul-qulub”. Navoiy died on 3 January 1501.
Worked examples
Example: “Navoiy” and “Foniy” are one poet’s two pen names because he wrote in two languages.
Example: “Muhokamat ul-lug‘atayn” compares two languages (Turkic and Persian); in it the poet shows the possibilities of his mother tongue.
Class activity
Place the dates in Navoiy’s life (1441, 1469, 1483–1485, 1501) on a timeline.
Practice
1
When and where was Navoiy born?
On 9 February 1441 in Herat.
2
In which language were the poems signed “Foniy” written?
Persian-language poems.
3
How many dastans make up the “Khamsa” and when was it written?
Five dastans; in 1483–1485.
4
Why is “Muhokamat ul-lug‘atayn” important?
In it the capacity of the Turkic language is proved by comparison with Persian.