Kinds of wood and the carpenter’s bench

Although carpenter’s benches differ in structure, all have a wooden or metal base and a top with vices. The main parts of the table are the lengthwise and crosswise vices, the bench top with holes for wedges, and the tool trough. Tools (hand saw, plane, chisel, hammer) are laid with handles toward the worker. The vice has a screw mechanism: turning the screw moves the clamping board so the part is clamped or released. Bench height must suit the worker: stand beside it and put your palms on the bench; if you need not bend your back or arms, the height is right. Vices must not be over-tightened; wedges are set in their sockets only with a mallet; and the bench top must be protected from cutting and striking tools.