Metalworking trades and copper objects

Coppersmiths made many vessels needed in the home, and each has its own name. A lavkhori is an oval or rectangular copper tray whose rim curves out sideways; its surface is decorated with plant, geometric and symbolic patterns. A dulava is also a tray, but its rim first turns outward and then bends down. An ewer (obdasta) was used for washing hands, a bucket for carrying water and a nondon for keeping bread warm, and their look differed from one region to another. A sarxum is a large dipper with a handsome handle for taking water from a big jar. Shabaka is a lattice-like decoration made by piercing small holes in the wall of a copper vessel; Tashkent masters called it “sumbarno”. An o‘sma jo‘shak is a small three-legged vessel with a handle for grinding o‘sma and dyes, sometimes shaped like a grape leaf.