Lessons 10–11 · 2 lessons · B. To‘xliyev, B. Karimov, K. Usmonova. Literature: textbook-collection for Grade 11 of secondary schools and for students of secondary specialised and vocational institutions, Parts 1–2. 1st edition. “O‘zbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi” State Scientific Publishing House, Tashkent, 2018
11
About the ancient proverbs
Textbook: Part 1, pp. 68–69
GoalAnalyse the themes, structure and educational value of the proverbs.
New words
content, meaning · mazmunbrevity, compactness · ixchamlikantithesis, contrast · qarshilantirisheducational value · tarbiyaviy ahamiyat
Explanation
According to the textbook, ancient proverbs are varied both in theme and structure: they praise homeland, patriotism, justice, industriousness, human reason, courage, loyalty, truthfulness, modesty, patience and endurance, and condemn negative traits. They also record laws of nature and society in beautiful phrases. A proverb such as “Ko‘k ko‘rdi, keragu yazti” has two parts and, by presenting one pretext as the cause of an action, shows an unworthy human trait clearly. “Uma kelsa, qut kelar” stresses that a guest brings blessing and that a visitor should be received without grudging. Because proverbs are simple and compact, they keep great educational and artistic value not only in their own time but today.
Worked examples
Example: In the proverb about preparing or forgetting arms, two parts are set against each other: readiness – freedom, neglect – captivity. This is antithesis.
Example: The proverb “Ardam bashi – til” states a big idea in a few words: language is the source of virtues. This illustrates compactness.
Class activity
Proverb exercise: choose one proverb and say in three sentences its theme, structure (how many parts) and the life situation it fits.