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Ironing, household chemicals and thrift

Lessons 34–36 · 3 lessons · O‘. O. Tohirov, I. Karimov, M. M. Maksimova. Technology (Texnologiya), textbook for Grade 8 of general secondary schools. Ilm Ziyo, Tashkent, 2019
36

Rules for using heat, electricity, water supply and sewage systems correctly

Textbook: pp. 128–129
GoalKnow the rules for economical and safe use of heating, electricity, water supply and sewerage systems.
New words
thrift (economy) · tejamkorlikwaste · isrofgarchilikmeter · hisoblagichseal · plomba
Explanation

Being thrifty does not mean being stingy: it means planning how the family’s income is spent and knowing how to look after money earned by work, household things, food and clothes and use them fully. As the folk proverb says, “One who does not count loses even what is at his side.” In using heat, the supplier’s instructions are followed, heating devices, meters and pipe insulation are kept clean, and the seals on meters are not broken. In electricity: do not waste it, follow appliance instructions, do not use appliances with faulty cords, do not leave lamps or the iron switched on, do not leave a sewing machine plugged in unattended; sockets and cords are never touched with wet hands and repairs are done by a qualified master. Water is used economically: taps and valves are not left open, the sink siphon is not allowed to break, and solid waste is not thrown into pipes or sewers. If gas is smelt, no flame is lit and no electric switch is pressed: the room is ventilated and adults call the gas emergency service from outside.

Worked examples
Suppose 1 kWh of electricity costs 1000 so‘m (an assumed figure; real tariffs change). A 40 W lamp left on for 5 hours uses 40 × 5 = 200 Wh = 0.2 kWh, i.e. 200 so‘m; in 30 days that is 6000 so‘m.
When washing, filling a basin with water instead of leaving the tap running can cut water use several times.
Class activity

Home thrift table: write 3 saving rules each for electricity, water and heat and mark which your family follows. In a role play rehearse the chain of actions for “A gas smell!” (no flame, no switch, ventilate, go outside, call the service).

Practice
1
What is thrift?
2
State two rules for saving electricity.
3
If 1 kWh costs 1000 so‘m, how many so‘m is 3 kWh?
4
What is done if gas is smelt and why is no electric switch pressed?