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A simple moving car

Lessons 18 · 1 lessons · O‘. O. Tohirov, I. Karimov, M. M. Maksimova. Technology (Texnologiya), textbook for Grade 8 of general secondary schools. Ilm Ziyo, Tashkent, 2019
18

Practical work: making a simple moving car

Textbook: pp. 68–72
GoalKnow the order of building a simple moving car from a plastic bottle, caps and a motor, how a belt drive works and how to work safely.
New words
axle · g‘ildirak o‘qipulley · shkifbelt · tasmaexhaust (silencer) · glushitel
Explanation

The simple car model is made from a 0.5 litre plastic bottle, 10 cm wooden sticks (axles), 4 plastic caps (wheels), a motor, a battery and a switch. The caps are fixed on the sticks and mounted on the bottle through plastic tubes, which act as bearings for the axles. The motor’s rotation is passed to the rear axle with a pulley and belt: if the small pulley is on the motor and the large pulley on the axle, the wheels turn more slowly but with more force. A seat and steering wheel are made from cardboard and a cap, and an exhaust from a plastic tube, for decoration. Cutting the plastic bottle with a utility knife is a job for the teacher or an adult: the part is held firmly, the blade is never pointed toward you, and gloves are worn; the glue gun and soldering also happen under supervision.

Worked examples
If the motor pulley is 1 cm and the axle pulley 3 cm in diameter, the axle pulley turns 3 : 1 = 3 times slower but gives the axle more force.
Without the tube between stick and bottle, the axle would rub on the bottle and the wheel would turn with difficulty, so the tubes act as bearings.
Class activity

In pairs, sketch a side view of the car model: mark axles, motor, belt and pulleys. Thought experiment: change the pulley diameters and discuss how speed and force change. The teacher does the knife cutting and electrical connections.

Practice
1
What serves as the wheels?
2
What are the belt and pulley for?
3
With a 2 cm motor pulley and 8 cm axle pulley, how many times slower does the axle turn?
4
Why are tubes fitted as supports for the axles?