☰ Contents · State and law

The court system

Lessons 15 · 1 lessons · O. Karimova, N. Ismatova, Sh. Sariqov, O. Amanova (methodological editor E. Sariqov). O‘zbekiston davlati va huquqi asoslari (Foundations of the state and law of Uzbekistan), Grade 8. Huquq va Jamiyat publishers, Tashkent, 2019
15

The court system of Uzbekistan

Textbook: pp. 80–85
GoalExplain the place of judicial power, the court system and the main principles of court activity.
New words
administration of justice · odil sudlovjudge · sudyaConstitutional Court · Konstitutsiyaviy sudpresumption of innocence · aybsizlik prezumpsiyasi
Explanation

Judicial power acts independently of legislative and executive power, political parties and public associations. Only the court administers justice: no other body can decide a civil, criminal or administrative case. The court system includes the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court, regional and district (city) courts, and economic and administrative courts; the Republic of Karakalpakstan has courts too. The Constitutional Court checks whether laws and other acts conform to the Constitution. Judges are independent and obey only the law; interfering in their work is forbidden and leads to liability. Court hearings are open and are closed only in cases provided by law. Proceedings are held in Uzbek, Karakalpak or the language of the majority of residents, and an interpreter is provided to a person who does not know the language. An accused person has the right to defence and can get qualified legal help (an advocate) at any stage; until guilt is proven by a court verdict the person is considered innocent. Court decisions are issued in the name of the state and are binding on everyone.

Worked examples
If two neighbours quarrel over a fence, it is a civil case: the district civil court examines their evidence and makes a decision. A theft case is a criminal case and is heard in a criminal court.
If a citizen disagrees with an unlawful decision of a hokimiyat, they may complain to an administrative court. This shows that a state body too answers before a court.
Class activity

“Court session”: the class is divided into roles (judge, claimant, respondent, witness, advocate) and a made-up civil dispute (for example about an unreturned notebook) is acted out. The aim is to see the rules of procedure; real people and crimes are not invented.

Practice
1
Which body administers justice?
2
What does the Constitutional Court do?
3
What is the presumption of innocence and why is it important?
4
Why is interfering in a judge’s work forbidden?