Lessons 19 · 1 lessons · O. Karimova, N. Ismatova, Sh. Sariqov, O. Amanova (methodological editor E. Sariqov). O‘zbekiston davlati va huquqi asoslari (Foundations of the state and law of Uzbekistan), Grade 8. Huquq va Jamiyat publishers, Tashkent, 2019
19
Legal relations
Textbook: pp. 105–109
GoalExplain the concept and elements of a legal relation and legal facts with examples.
New words
legal relation · huquqiy munosabatlegal capacity · huquq layoqaticapacity to act · muomala layoqatilegal fact · huquqiy fakt
Explanation
A legal relation is a social link regulated by legal norms and based on the mutual rights and duties of the parties. It has three elements. Subjects are the participants: citizens, organisations, state bodies. The object is what the parties’ conduct is directed at: property, a service, intangible goods. The content is the parties’ rights and duties. To be a subject one needs legal capacity, which every person has from birth. Capacity to act is the ability to acquire rights and take on duties through one’s own actions; it arises in full from age 18. A legal relation arises, changes or ends through legal facts: events (birth, death) and actions (making a contract, committing a crime).
Worked examples
In a bookshop between seller and buyer: subjects – both, object – the book, content – the seller hands over the book, the buyer pays.
The birth of a child is a legal fact (event): with it the child’s legal capacity, the parents’ duties and the right to maintenance (aliment) arise.
Class activity
Fill a table: for “buying a bicycle” write down the subjects, object, content and the legal fact.
Practice
1
What are the three elements of a legal relation?
Subjects, object and content.
2
When does legal capacity arise?
From birth.
3
When does full capacity to act begin?
At age 18.
4
Give one example of a legal fact that is an event and one that is an action.