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Это курс русского языка для узбекских школ: объяснения даны на узбекском и английском.

Nosov: “Vitya Maleev at School and at Home”

Уроки 44 · 1 урок · G. T. Gasilova, Yu. Yu. Musurmanova. Russian Language, Grade 6 (for schools with Uzbek and other languages of instruction). 2nd revised edition. “O‘zbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi”, Tashkent, 2017
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N. N. Nosov. “Витя Малеев в школе и дома” (Vitya Maleev at School and at Home)

Textbook, pp. 153–156
ЦельUnderstand N. N. Nosov’s story «Витя Малеев в школе и дома»: Vitya’s character, the way he solves the problem and the meaning of “change”.
Новые слова
задача · masalaарифметика · hisob (arifmetika)часть · ulushчестный · vijdonli, halol
Объяснение

Nikolay Nikolayevich Nosov (1908–1986) was a children’s writer, the author of the «Незнайка» (Dunno) books. «Витя Малеев в школе и дома» is a first-person story about the fourth-grader Vitya Maleev. Vitya is glad there is no arithmetic homework today. But his younger sister Lika shows him a third-grade problem and asks for help. Afraid of losing face, Vitya says “I’m busy now” and tries to solve it himself. After long failures he draws a tree, then draws pockets on a boy and a girl and understands: the boy has 2 pockets, the girl 1, so the total splits into 3 parts! For example, if the total is 90: 90 ÷ 3 = 30 (the girl’s share), 30 × 2 = 60 (the boy’s share). Vitya rejoices at his discovery and explains it to Lika. At the end he feels he has “turned into another person”: before, others helped him, now he can teach others. The story shows humour, self-criticism and change through effort.

Примеры
«Задача про ягоды» (summary in my own words). «Витя вернулся из школы и обрадовался: арифметики не задали. Вдруг сестрёнка Лика попросила помочь с трудной задачей. Витя пообещал, а сам стал решать её. Долго ничего не получалось. Тогда он нарисовал картинку, и вдруг всё стало понятно. Витя решил задачу и объяснил Лике. Он гордился, что теперь может помогать другим.» (Vitya came back from school and was glad: no arithmetic homework. Suddenly his little sister Lika asked him to help with a hard problem. Vitya promised and began to solve it himself. For a long time nothing worked. Then he drew a picture and suddenly all became clear. Vitya solved the problem and explained it to Lika. He was proud that he could now help others.)
Arithmetic: «в два раза больше» means twice as many. Solution: shares 1 + 2 = 3, «90 : 3 = 30», «30 × 2 = 60». Check: «30 + 60 = 90».
Работа в классе

“A problem by drawing”. Pairs solve a problem by drawing: two children, shares (pockets or boxes). Then they explain in Russian: «Сначала … Потом … Ответ: …»

Упражнения
1
Why did Vitya not help Lika at once?
2
How did Vitya solve the problem? What did the drawing help with?
3
Problem: two sisters picked 90 berries, one picked twice as many as the other. How many did the younger one pick? (digits)
4
Explain the idea of turning into «совсем другого человека».