Это курс русского языка для узбекских школ: объяснения даны на узбекском и английском.
N. I. Sladkov: “The Forest Services Bureau”
Уроки 39 · 1 урок · G. T. Gasilova, Yu. Yu. Musurmanova. Russian Language, Grade 6 (for schools with Uzbek and other languages of instruction). 2nd revised edition. “O‘zbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi”, Tashkent, 2017
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N. I. Sladkov. “Бюро лесных услуг” (The Forest Services Bureau)
Textbook, pp. 142–143
ЦельUnderstand N. I. Sladkov’s story «Бюро лесных услуг»: animals’ mutual help, personification and the main idea.
Nikolay Ivanovich Sladkov (1920–1996) was a Russian writer who wrote a great deal about nature. «Бюро лесных услуг» is a story-tale: forest animals speak like people (personification). The plot: in February hard frost sets in, birds and animals are sad: how will we live? The Weasel cries “Every one for himself!” The Magpie objects: “We must act together!” The Hare proposes a Forest Services Bureau: he digs the snow down to the ground so that partridges can find seeds. Others offer their services too: the crossbills drop cones, the beavers fell aspens, the woodpeckers offer hollows. The Wolf wants to be a guard, but the Magpie refuses him: he is a danger to everyone. The idea: animals that help each other will survive winter. The proverb «Один в поле не воин» (One man in the field is not a warrior) expresses the point. Note that the Magpie’s record «Заяц — копатель, клесты — бросатели» shows that each has a service.
Примеры
«Лесное бюро» (summary in my own words). «В лесу наступили холода. Звери и птицы решили объединиться. Заяц откапывал траву под снегом, клесты роняли шишки, дятлы показывали дупла. Сорока записывала все услуги в тетрадь. Волк тоже захотел работать в бюро сторожем, но ему отказали. Лесные жители поняли: вместе легче пережить зиму.» (Cold set in the forest. Animals and birds decided to unite. The hare dug grass out from under the snow, the crossbills dropped cones, the woodpeckers showed hollows. The magpie wrote all the services in a notebook. The wolf also wanted to work in the bureau as a guard, but was refused. The forest dwellers understood: together it is easier to survive winter.)
Vocabulary: «услуга» (a service), «сторож» (a guard), «объединиться» (to unite), «выручать» (to help out of trouble). Proverb: «Один в поле не воин» = one alone is weak.
Работа в классе
“Open a bureau”. The class forms a «Бюро школьных услуг». Each pupil offers a service: «Я могу помочь с математикой.», «Я могу полить цветы.» The class answers «Принято!» The most useful offers are recorded.
Упражнения
1
Which animal proposed forming the bureau?
Заяц
2
What services did the hare and the crossbills offer?
Заяц разрывает снег до земли; клесты роняют шишки.
3
Why was the wolf not accepted into the bureau?
Because he is dangerous to the animals; as a guard he could harm them.
4
Explain the proverb «Один в поле не воин» in connection with the story.
One animal cannot survive winter alone, but together they help each other and survive.