☰ Contents · Literature

Fitrat and “Abulfayzxon”

Lessons 36–37 · 2 lessons · B. To‘xliyev, B. Karimov, K. Usmonova. Literature: textbook-collection for Grade 11 of secondary schools and for students of secondary specialised and vocational institutions, Parts 1–2. 1st edition. “O‘zbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi” State Scientific Publishing House, Tashkent, 2018
37

The tragedy “Abulfayzxon”

Textbook: Part 2, pp. 4–30
GoalUnderstand the content and characters of the acts given from Fitrat’s tragedy “Abulfayzxon.”
New words
tragedy · fojiaact · pardaatalyk, a high state office (chief counsellor) · otaliqdramatis personae · kimsalar
Explanation

“Abulfayzxon” is a “tragedy in five acts from the history of the Yoqsul land”; the textbook gives it abridged (Acts One, Four and Five). In Act One, while Ulfat, Mir Vafo and Qozi Nizom are playing chess, the khan comes in; suspicious of Farhod otaliq, he has him killed and appoints Ibrohimbiy otaliq and Rahim qo‘rchi to‘qsoba in his place, while Ibrohimbiy says he cannot give up honesty. In this scene Ulfat compares kingship to “a tree watered with blood,” and at night the ghosts of people the khan has had killed torment him in his sleep. In Act Four Rahimbiy has seized power and the khan is under house arrest; Ulfat digs a tunnel and comes to help him escape, but the khan, thinking of his children, does not dare to flee and dies at the hands of executioners. In Act Five the blind Ibrohimbiy tells Rahimbiy that a qurultoy should have been called so that the khan and otaliq were chosen with the council of the elders, and that a throne taken unjustly will not pass to his children; Rahimbiy lies to the Iranian commanders that the khan took his own life, and then also does away with the 15-year-old Abdumo‘minxon, whom he had placed on the throne, by poisoning him. At the end the Vision (Xayol), who calls himself Siyovush, appears before Rahimbiy and condemns the tyrannical throne that sacrifices the innocent.

Worked examples
Example: At the start the chess game is a symbol of the struggle for power at court, hinting in advance at who wins and who loses.
Example: Ibrohimbiy’s proposal of a qurultoy puts forward the idea that choosing the ruler with a council of the people is the just way.
Class activity

Role reading: in class three or four students read the parts of the khan, Ulfat, Qozi Nizom and Ibrohimbiy; then give one trait for each character.

Practice
1
In which historical period do the play’s events take place?
2
What does Ulfat’s remark that kingship is a tree watered with blood mean?
3
What does the image of Ibrohimbiy express?
4
What is the function of the image of “Xayol” at the end of the tragedy?