10
Consolidation. Working with text and vocabulary
Textbook: pp. 23–25
ЦельConsolidate composite sentences; work with a text and vocabulary.
Новые слова
communal work party · hasharconcord, unity · ahillikanguish, mental torment · iztirobkindness; also a play on words · lutf
Объяснение
In the consolidation lesson we analyse composite sentences in three steps: first count the predicates and separate the parts, then find the linking means, finally name the type. When working with a text it is important to distinguish composite from simple sentences and to explain their punctuation. Using new vocabulary in sentences helps keep it in memory. For example, “hashar” is people working together on one task, and “ahillik” is mutual harmony. After the analysis, write your opinion of the text’s main idea in a sentence or two.
Примеры
Mini-text: “Hashar.” A communal work party was organised in our neighbourhood to clean the street. The young men planted trees, the girls watered flowers, and the adults levelled the road. Where there is harmony, work is easy, because the load is shared among many.
Analysis: “Yigitlar daraxt ekdi, qizlar gullarni sug‘ordi, kattalar esa yo‘lni tekisladi” is a composite sentence with three parts: the first two join by intonation only (no conjunction), the third joins with “esa” (linked); “Ahillik bor joyda ish yengil bo‘ladi, chunki...” is subordinate.
Работа в классе
“Analysts”: groups choose one composite sentence from the text, analyse it in the three steps and present it.
Упражнения
1
State the three steps of analysing a composite sentence.
1) count predicates and separate parts; 2) find the linking means; 3) name the type.
2
What type is “Ahillik bor joyda ish yengil bo‘ladi, chunki yuk ko‘pchilikka bo‘linadi”?
Subordinate composite sentence (“chunki” – conjunction of reason).
3
Make a sentence with “hashar”.
For example: Hasharda hamma birga ishlagani uchun ish tez bitdi.
4
Why are simple and composite sentences used together in a text?
Because simple sentences give a thought clearly while composite ones show the link between thoughts; this makes speech fluent.