Direct and indirect speech

When it is turned into indirect speech, the author’s words and the direct speech merge into one simple sentence. The predicate of declarative direct speech turns into a participle (-gan, -digan) or verbal noun (-ish) and takes a possessive ending: «Men o‘qiyman» – o‘qishini aytdi. In an interrogative sentence the question word is kept and the question particle (-mi) drops: «Qachon kelasan?» – qachon kelishini so‘radi. An imperative sentence is expressed with a verbal noun: «Eshikni yoping!» – eshikni yopishni buyurdi (so‘radi). Pronouns and person endings change from the new speaker’s point of view: “men” usually becomes “u”, while “sen” becomes “men” or “u” depending on the sentence. An address often becomes an object or is dropped.