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Stylistics. Language and style

Уроки 3 · 1 урок · N.M. Mahmudov, A.Sh. Sobirov, Y.R. Odilov, G.Sh. Ziyodullayeva. Ona tili (Uzbek language), Grade 10, 1st edition. “O‘zbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi” State Scientific Publishing House, Tashkent, 2017
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Stylistics. Language and style

Textbook: pp. 11–13
ЦельExplain the notions of speech style and stylistics; list the five main styles.
Новые слова
speech style · nutq uslubistylistics (also: uslubshunoslik) · uslubiyatlanguage and speech · til va nutqfeature of language · til xususiyati
Объяснение

Language is a system of words and rules; speech is the process of using this system in a concrete situation. A speech style is a variety of language adapted to some sphere of social life (science, state affairs, art and so on) and to the purpose of communication in it. Each style has its own language features: the chosen words, sentence structure and tone differ. The word uslubiyat (stylistics) has two meanings: the whole set of language features typical of the styles, and the branch of linguistics that studies them (its other name is uslubshunoslik). There are five main styles: colloquial, publicistic, artistic, scientific and official. A person changes style according to the purpose of speaking, often without noticing it.

Примеры
«Maktab kutubxonasining ish vaqti soat 8.00 dan 17.00 gacha etib belgilansin» (“Let the school library’s working hours be set from 8.00 to 17.00”) – official style; «Taniqli olim nazariy asarida terminlarning aniq ta’rifini beradi» (“The well-known scholar gives an exact definition of the terms in a theoretical work”) – scientific style.
«Voy, bugun yomg‘ir yog‘arkan-ku!» (“Oh, it is going to rain today!”) – colloquial style: the interjection and the particle «-ku» give a lively tone.
Работа в классе

“Find the style”: the teacher reads five short passages; pupils raise cards with the name of the style.

Упражнения
1
What is a speech style?
2
Name the five main speech styles.
3
Which style does the sentence «Ushbu ariza ko‘rib chiqilsin» belong to?
4
Why can language and speech not be treated as the same thing?