8
Unit 1: grammar and homework
Textbook: pp. 15–16
GoalUnit 1 review: short answers (I think so / I hope not), writing definitions (a machine which ...), noun + noun compounds and the prefix tele-.
New words
relative clause · aniqlovchi gap (who, which)antonym · antonim (zid ma’noli so‘z)prefix · old qo‘shimchashort answer · qisqa javob
Explanation
To answer a yes/no question without repeating it we use so and not: Will it rain? – I think so. / I hope not. / I’m afraid not. Here so replaces a whole clause. In a definition we use who for people and which / that for things: A scanner is a machine which makes a digital copy of a page. Two nouns side by side can make a new idea (n+n): telephone number, post office, mail box. The Greek prefix tele- means “far”: telephone, telegram, television, telecommunication. Antonyms: cheap – expensive, quick – slow, easy – difficult.
Worked examples
A: Do you think the post office is open on Sunday? B: I’m afraid not. – A: Will your friend call tonight? B: I hope so.
A mobile phone is a phone that you can carry. An answerphone is a machine which records messages. A postman is a person who delivers letters. Antonym pairs: send – receive, quick – slow.
Class activity
“Who or what is it?”: one pupil reads a definition (It is a machine which ...), the others guess the word.
Practice
1
Give a short answer: Do you think the test will be easy? (you hope it will)
I hope so.
2
Write a definition: A telephone directory is a book ...
A telephone directory is a book which lists people’s phone numbers.
3
Write three words beginning with tele- and give the meaning of the prefix.
telephone, telegram, television; tele- = far
4
Why does so replace a whole clause in “I hope so”?
Because we do not need to repeat the idea; so stands for the earlier clause and keeps the answer short.