Lessons 43–44 · 2 lessons · S. Khan, L. Kamalova, L. Jurayev. Teens’ English 8 (English, Grade 8). “O‘qituvchi” Publishing House, Tashkent, 2020
43
Everyday inventions
Textbook: p. 54
GoalEveryday inventions and inventors; Past Simple Passive (was invented / patented / discovered by) and is used for.
New words
invent · ixtiro qilmoqpatent · patent olmoqdiscover · kashf etmoqbe used for · foydalanilmoq (maqsadda)
Explanation
To invent is to create something new (the telephone); to discover is to find something that already exists for the first time (penicillin); to patent is to get official rights to an invention. We use the passive for inventions: The telephone was patented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. The first practical electric light bulb was developed by Thomas Edison in 1879. Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928. The World Wide Web was proposed by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989. To say what something does: A kettle is used for boiling water. Scientists from our region: Muhammad al-Khwarizmi (about 780–850) laid the foundations of algebra and the idea of the algorithm, Abu Rayhan al-Biruni (973–1048) studied astronomy and geography, and Ibn Sina (980–1037) wrote The Canon of Medicine. Use hot kettles and electrical appliances only with an adult.
Worked examples
The printing press with movable type was introduced in Europe by Johannes Gutenberg around 1450. The airplane was first flown successfully by the Wright brothers in 1903. A microscope is used for looking at very small things.
Quiz style: The telephone was patented by Bell in 1876. — Who was the telephone patented by? Penicillin was discovered by Fleming. — What was discovered by Fleming?
Class activity
“Who invented it?”: cards with inventions and inventors; pairs ask and answer (What was invented by ...? Who was ... invented by?).
Practice
1
Passive: Bell patented the telephone. → ?
The telephone was patented by Bell.
2
Complete: Penicillin ___ (discover) in 1928.
was discovered
3
Complete: A microscope is used ___ looking at tiny things.
for
4
What is the difference between invent and discover?
To invent is to create something new; to discover is to find something that already exists.