Describing by what it does: present active participle
Lessons 14 · 1 lessons · S. Yu. Islambekova, U. T. Yaminova, Z. Kh. Abduraimova. Russian Language, Grade 7 (textbook for general secondary schools with Uzbek and other languages of instruction), 2nd revised edition. “Uzbekistan” Publishing and Printing Creative House, Tashkent, 2017
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Describing by what it does: present active participle
Textbook: pp. 45–49
GoalForm the present active participle («читающий, говорящий») and punctuate participial phrases correctly.
A participle («причастие») is a special verb form: it has verb features (aspect, tense) and adjective features (gender, number, case, the question «какой?»). The present active participle describes a thing by what it is doing now: «работающий станок, машина, собирающая хлопок». It is formed only from imperfective verbs: drop «-т» from the 3rd person plural and add «-щ-» + «ий». First conjugation: «-ущ-/-ющ-» («пишут — пишущий, читают — читающий»); second conjugation: «-ащ-/-ящ-» («говорят — говорящий, держат — держащий»). The participle agrees with its noun in gender, number and case. A participial phrase placed after the noun is set off by commas: «Машина, собирающая хлопок, работает в поле».
Worked examples
“На стройке” (At the building site). «На стройке работают машины. Экскаватор, копающий землю, стоит слева. Подъёмный кран, поднимающий кирпичи, стоит справа. Рабочие, строящие новый дом, надели каски.» (Machines work on the site. The excavator digging the ground stands on the left. The crane lifting bricks stands on the right. The workers building a new house have put on helmets.)