12
Sevimli axborot vositangiz qaysi?
Darslik: 18-bet
MaqsadYangilik maqolasi: lede (kirish), Five Ws, teskari piramida va iqtibos keltirish qoidalari.
Yangi so‘zlar
yangilik boshlanmasi · lede (lead)manba · sourceiqtibos · quoteteskari piramida · inverted pyramid
Tushuntirish
Yangilik maqolasining birinchi gapi lede (lead) deyiladi va eng muhim ma’lumotni beradi. Uni «do‘stingga bir gapda ayt» usuli bilan yozamiz: Who? What? When? Where? Why? – Kim? Nima? Qachon? Qayerda? Nima uchun? Maqola teskari piramida shaklida quriladi: eng muhim faktlar boshida, kam muhimlari oxirida. Iqtibos keltirilganda odatda said fe’li ishlatiladi, shaxs birinchi marta to‘liq ism va lavozimi bilan, keyin faqat familiyasi bilan nomlanadi: “We are very proud,” head teacher Malika Karimova said. Fikr manbasini doim ko‘rsating.
Namunalar
Lede: Pupils of School 12 in Samarkand planted two hundred trees in the school yard on Saturday to make the air cleaner. Who: pupils of School 12. What: planted two hundred trees. When: Saturday. Where: in the school yard. Why: to make the air cleaner.
“Every pupil took care of one tree,” head teacher Malika Karimova said. Karimova added that the school would water the trees every week. (This is an invented model story.)
Sinfda faoliyat
«Lede yozing»: o‘qituvchi uch ta mavzu beradi (maktab musobaqasi, yangi kutubxona, ekologik aksiya); juftliklar lede va ikkita iqtibos yozadi.
Mashq
1
Five Ws ni sanang.
Who? What? When? Where? Why?
2
Iqtibos uchun qaysi fe’l ishlatiladi?
said
3
Teskari piramidada eng muhim ma’lumot qayerda bo‘ladi?
At the beginning
4
Nima uchun lede qisqa va aniq bo‘lishi kerak?
Chunki o‘quvchi birinchi gapdan asosiy mazmunni tushunishi kerak.