Sentences with set-off parts; intonation and punctuation

In writing a set-off explanatory part is usually separated by commas, dashes or brackets, and in speech it is said with a pause and special intonation. 1) Usually such a part is set off by commas on both sides: “Maktab yonidagi bog‘da, eng salqin joyda, do‘stlarim kutib turishardi”. 2) If the set-off part itself contains commas, dashes are put on both sides of it: “Do‘stlarim — Ali, Vali va Sali — kutubxonaga kelishdi”. 3) If the set-off part is homogeneous and comes at the end of the sentence, a dash is put before it: “Bobomning bir bog‘i bor — keng va serhosil”. Set-off parts are used to emphasise an idea or to make the meaning more precise. Without punctuation the set-off part blends with another part and logical confusion arises.