Этот предмет пока на узбекском и английском: в русских классах вместо него изучают «Русский язык» и «Литературное чтение». Ниже — английская версия.
Sentence stress; a tale from Lison ut-tayr
Уроки 60–61 · 2 урока · M. Qodirov, H. Ne’matov, M. Abduraimova, R. Sayfullayeva, B. Mengliyev. Ona tili (Uzbek language), Grade 8, 4th edition. Cho‘lpon Publishing and Printing Creative House, Tashkent, 2019
60
Sentence (logical) stress
Textbook: pp. 98–99
ЦельThe sentence stress (logical stress), its link with sentence parts; Rumi’s fable about the grapes.
Новые слова
sentence (logical) stress · gap urg‘usiemphasis · ta’kidintonation · ohangdispute · nizo
Объяснение
The speaker says the part he or she considers most important with stronger intonation than the rest; this is called sentence stress, or logical stress. The stress can be moved to any part, and then the main idea of the sentence is directed at that part: “MEN ertaga boraman” (me in particular), “Men ERTAGA boraman” (tomorrow in particular) — capitals show the stress. In writing, the stressed part is often put in the position right before the predicate. To stress the predicate, it can be moved to the beginning: “Boraman men ertaga”. In Rumi’s fable four travellers call the same thing by different names in their own languages and quarrel without understanding each other; someone who knew their languages could have reconciled them.
Примеры
Moving the stress: “Kutubxonaga ukam bugun bordi” (ukam), “Ukam kutubxonaga bugun bordi” (bugun), “Ukam bugun kutubxonaga bordi” (kutubxonaga).
Predicate stress: “Bordi ukam bugun kutubxonaga” — the predicate moved to the beginning and took the stress.
Работа в классе
Voice stress: pairs read one sentence stressing a different part each time; the partner says what was understood.
Упражнения
1
What thought is stressed if you stress “bugun” in “Dadam bugun bozordan non olib keldi”?
That the bread was brought today, not yesterday.
2
How do we change the sentence to stress the predicate?
We move the predicate to the beginning or before the emphasized part.
3
Write one sentence with three stresses and explain the difference.
E.g. ALIGA kitob berdim (to Ali); Aliga KITOB berdim (a book); Aliga kitob BERDIM (gave, not sold). Each time a different part is stressed.
4
What conclusion do you draw from Rumi’s fable?
Not knowing each other’s language leads to quarrel; understanding is the key to peace.