☰ Contents · Russian language

Pushkin “A Winter Evening” and Lermontov “The Sail”

Lessons 32–33 · 2 lessons · G. T. Gasilova, Yu. Yu. Musurmanova. Russian Language, Grade 6 (for schools with Uzbek and other languages of instruction). 2nd revised edition. “O‘zbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi”, Tashkent, 2017
32

A. S. Pushkin. “Зимний вечер” (A Winter Evening)

Textbook, p. 132
GoalUnderstand Pushkin’s poem «Зимний вечер» (1825): the mood of the lyric speaker, comparison and personification.
New words
буря · bo‘ronняня · enagaпесня · qo‘shiqлачужка · kulba
Explanation

Pushkin wrote the poem «Зимний вечер» in 1825 in the village of Mikhailovskoye while in exile (ссылка). His nanny, Arina Rodionovna, lived there too. In the poem a winter storm rages outside, while the hut is dark and sad. The poet speaks to his nanny: why are you sitting silent? He asks her to sing her good old songs. In this way the poet overcomes sadness and finds comfort in warm human closeness. The storm is personified (олицетворение): it howls like a beast and cries like a child — these comparisons let us hear the sound of the storm. Epithets («ветхая лачужка», «печальна и темна») create the mood. The lyric speaker is the poet himself; the poem expresses his love and comfort in solitude. Read it aloud with its rhythm.

Worked examples
«Зимний вечер» (summary in my own words). «За окном воет метель, в маленьком доме тихо и темно. Поэт смотрит на свою няню, которая задумалась у окна. Он просит её спеть тихую песню — старинную, добрую. Рядом с няней ему не так одиноко, и вечер становится теплее.» (A blizzard howls outside; the little house is quiet and dark. The poet looks at his nanny, lost in thought by the window. He asks her to sing a quiet, old, kind song. Beside his nanny he is less lonely and the evening grows warmer.)
Poetic devices: «буря воет» (personification), «как зверь» (comparison), «ветхая лачужка» (epithet). Note: «буря» (storm) and «метель» (snowstorm) are close words.
Class activity

“Feeling the poem”. Pupils express the mood (sadness, warmth) by voice: the storm — loud and fast; the talk with the nanny — soft and tender.

Practice
1
When and where was the poem written?
2
What does Pushkin compare the storm to?
3
Which poetic device is «Буря воет»?
4
Why does being with the nanny comfort the poet?