36
Abdulla Avloniy
Textbook: pp. 193–194
GoalLearn about Abdulla Avloniy’s life and educational work.
New words
reformist educator (jadid) · jadidenlightener · ma’rifatparvartextbook · darsliknew-method school · yangi usul maktabi
Explanation
Abdulla Avloniy was born on 12 July 1878 in Tashkent into a weaver craftsman’s family. He studied at a neighbourhood school and madrasas, studying in winter and working as a labourer in summer. In 1907 he published the newspaper “Shuhrat”. In 1909 he founded the charity society “Jamiyati xayriya”, and in 1913 the society and theatre “Turon”. He taught in a new-method school himself and wrote textbooks for it, such as “Birinchi muallim” (1909), “Ikkinchi muallim” (1912), “Turkiy guliston yoxud axloq” (1913) and “Maktab gulistoni” (1916). Avloniy believed that upbringing is a matter of life and death. He died on 25 August 1934.
Worked examples
Example: 1934 − 1878 = 56 – he was 56 at death (from July to August).
Example: newspapers were printed with hand-set type – hard work for the sake of enlightenment.
Class activity
Table: write three works each in the columns “Educational work” and “Creative work”.
Practice
1
When and where was Avloniy born?
On 12 July 1878 in Tashkent.
2
Which newspaper did he publish?
The newspaper “Shuhrat” (1907).
3
Name two of his textbooks.
For example: “Birinchi muallim” and “Ikkinchi muallim”.
4
Why did Avloniy consider upbringing so important?
Because the happiness of nation and state depends on the good upbringing of youth.