19
Friendship has much to say
Textbook: Part 2, pp. 22–27
GoalUnderstand that folk tales have no single author and use personification; reflect on the value of friendship.
New words
folk tale · xalq ertagipersonification · jonlantirishdifference · farqvalue · qadriyat
Explanation
The textbook has the Uzbek folk tale “Do‘stlikda gap ko‘p ekan” (Friendship has much to say), in which lifeless things become friends. We do not retell it. A folk tale has no single author: for centuries people have told it by word of mouth. When lifeless things or animals speak and think, this is personification. In tales characters often differ from one another, yet together they can be useful. We connect the lesson of a tale to our own life.
Worked examples
“Sugar and Salt”. Once there was, once there wasn’t, Sugar and Salt standing side by side on a shelf. Sugar boasted: “I am sweet, everybody loves me.” Salt grieved: “I am salty, nobody loves me.” One day the cook did not put Salt in the soup, and the soup turned out tasteless. Then Sugar said: “Each of us has his own place.” Since then they have been inseparable friends.
Personification: Sugar and Salt speak. Idea: though we differ, each one is needed in his own place.
Class activity
“If things could talk”: children compose a 3-line dialogue between two classroom objects (pencil and eraser).
Practice
1
Where were Sugar and Salt standing?
On one shelf, side by side
2
Why was Salt sad?
He thought nobody loved him for being salty.
3
What happened when the cook did not add Salt?
The soup was tasteless.
4
Point out the personification in the text.
Sugar and Salt speaking
5
State the idea of the tale.
Everyone is needed in his place; differences do not prevent friendship.