14
Warm in winter, bright in the evening
Textbook: Part 1, pp. 46–49
GoalKnow ways of heating a home (old and modern), explain simply how electricity reaches the home, and say how to keep warmth in.
New words
stove / hearth · o‘choqheating · isitishelectric current · elektr tokiwire · sim
Explanation
Long ago people lived in caves and warmed themselves at campfires. Later they built houses with stoves and fireplaces: the wall heats up and warms the air in the room. Today there are heating systems with hot water in pipes, and air conditioners. The TV, vacuum cleaner and fridge work on electric current. Current arrives along wires, a bit like water flowing in a pipe. To keep warmth in we close windows and doors.
Worked examples
A stone or brick stove keeps its heat for a long time.
If we switch off lights we do not need, electricity is saved.
Class activity
Experiment “Who keeps the warmth?”: pour lukewarm (not hot!) tap water into two identical glasses. Wrap one in a woollen sock and leave the other bare. After 15 minutes touch both to see which is warmer. Conclusion: wool keeps heat in. Safety: use only lukewarm water, never boiling, and never touch an electric socket.
Practice
1
How did people keep warm long ago?
with campfires, in caves
2
What brings electricity to a home?
wires
3
Give 2 rules for keeping the home warm.
For example: close windows and doors, seal gaps