☰ Contents · Natural science

Light and shadow

Lessons 52–53 · 2 lessons · O.E. Tigay, Y.V. Malikova. Natural Science Grade 2, Part 1. Novda Edutainment, 2023; O.E. Tigay. Natural Science Grade 2, Part 2. Novda Edutainment, 2023
52

Wonderful light

Textbook: Part 2, pp. 84–87
GoalKnow why light matters, light sources (natural and artificial) and that light can turn into heat.
New words
light, ray · nurlight source · yorug‘lik manbayito be reflected · akslanmoqto absorb · yutmoq
Explanation

We see because there is light. Light falls on an object, bounces off and enters our eyes: that is how we see it. In a totally dark room nothing is visible. Light travels extremely fast. Light sources are natural: the Sun, stars, lightning, fireflies; and artificial: lamps, candles, torches, headlights. Light is also a kind of energy: it can turn into heat. Black and dark surfaces absorb more light and heat up faster; white and light surfaces reflect light and warm more slowly. That is why we wear light-coloured clothes in summer.

Worked examples
In the sun a black car gets hotter than a white one.
Road signs and bicycle reflectors send headlight beams back.
Class activity

Experiment “Black and white paper”: put two identical ice cubes (or two identical thermometers) on white and black paper and place them in a sunny window or under a lamp. After 10 minutes which ice melted faster? Conclusion: black absorbs more light. Safety: do not look straight at the Sun or a bright lamp; wear a hat in the sun.

Practice
1
Why is nothing visible in a dark room?
2
Name 2 natural light sources.
3
What colour of clothes is good in summer?