4
The eye, a rare wonder
Textbook: Part 1, pp. 15–17
GoalKnow what the eye does, eye colours and the rules for protecting eyesight; tell how human and animal vision differ.
New words
eye · ko‘zsight · ko‘rishcolour · rangpupil · qorachiq
Explanation
With our eyes we learn the colour, shape and size of things, whether they are near or far and whether they move. Eyes can be brown, blue or grey, or green. The colour depends on a special substance in the eye: the more of it, the darker the eye. A cat sees better than a person in the dark. A horse’s eyes are on the sides of its head, so it sees almost all around.
Worked examples
In a dark room the pupil gets bigger; in bright light it gets smaller.
Protecting eyes: read in good light, keep a book about 30 cm from your eyes, and do not rub your eyes with dirty hands.
Class activity
Observation: in a bright room look at your own pupil in a mirror. Then cover your eyes with your palms for 20 seconds (do not press!). Take your palms away and watch the pupil in the mirror: it is big at first, then quickly gets smaller. Safety: never look straight at the Sun or a bright lamp and never shine a torch into anyone’s eyes.
Practice
1
What do we learn about things through the eyes? Name 3.
For example: colour, shape, size
2
What does the pupil do in a dark room?
it gets bigger
3
Which rules for protecting the eyes do you know? Name 2.
For example: read in good light, do not look at the Sun, do not rub with dirty hands