The Moon, Earth’s companion
The Moon is Earth’s only natural satellite: it goes round Earth. The Moon makes no light of its own: like a mirror it reflects sunlight. So we see only the part that the Sun lights up. Because the Sun lights the Moon differently over time, its shape seems to change. These are the phases of the Moon: new moon, waxing moon, full moon, waning moon. The full cycle takes about 29 days. There is no air on the Moon. In 1969 Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first people to walk on the Moon. The science of heavenly bodies is astronomy.
Model “Phases of the Moon”: in a dark room a lamp is the Sun, your head is Earth and a white ball in your hand is the Moon. Slowly move the ball around your head and watch how the lit part changes. At home, draw the shape of the Moon each evening for a month (with an adult). Safety: do not look straight at the lamp; observe the Moon from the window without going outside.