Lessons 17–18 · 2 lessons · B. Mengliyev, Sh. Toshmirzayeva, S. Atoyeva, S. Majidova. Ona tili (Uzbek language), Grade 11, Part 2. “O‘qituvchi” publishing and printing creative house, Tashkent, 2020
17
Redundant suffixes
Textbook: Part 2, pp. 59–62
GoalIdentify redundant suffixes in speech and edit a text, observing economy of speech.
New words
redundant suffix · ortiqcha qo‘shimchaplural suffix · ko‘plik qo‘shimchasieconomy of speech · nutqiy tejamkorlikediting · tahrir
Explanation
A suffix is needed to make an idea precise; a suffix that repeats the meaning adds nothing and only weighs the sentence down. The most common mistakes are these. First, a plural suffix after a numeral or quantity word: yigirma talaba (twenty students), bir necha mehmon (several guests), har bir o‘quvchi (every pupil) – yigirma talabalar and har bir o‘quvchilar are wrong. But the words ko‘plab, barcha, hamma, ko‘pchilik take a plural noun: ko‘plab odamlar (many people), barcha o‘quvchilar (all pupils). Second, a plural or possessive suffix used twice. Third, a comparative suffix together with “eng” (most): not “eng yaxshiroq” but eng yaxshi (best). Fourth, repetition in a verb form: o‘rganilib kelmoqda instead of o‘rganilib kelinmoqda (“has been studied”). Fifth, a digit with an ordinal suffix: not 5-inchi sinf but 5-sinf. In classical poetry shortened or archaic forms may occur for the sake of rhythm; this is poetic licence and cannot be carried into ordinary speech.
Worked examples
Editing: “Yigirma talabalar va har bir o‘quvchilar eng yaxshiroq natijaga intildi” → “Yigirma talaba va har bir o‘quvchi eng yaxshi natijaga intildi” (Twenty students and every pupil strove for the best result).
Correct: ko‘plab odamlar, barcha o‘quvchilar (with plural). Wrong: 7-inchi sinf; correct: 7-sinf or yettinchi sinf.
Class activity
“The editor”: teams edit a 5-line text full of redundant suffixes; the most compact and correct version wins.
Practice
1
Name 3 kinds of redundant suffixes.
A plural after a numeral (yigirma talabalar); a comparative with “eng” (eng yaxshiroq); an ordinal suffix with a digit (5-inchi sinf).
2
Correct: yigirma talabalar, bir necha mehmonlar, har bir o‘quvchilar.
Yigirma talaba, bir necha mehmon, har bir o‘quvchi.
3
Correct: “eng yaxshiroq natija”, “7-inchi sinfda o‘qiydi”.
“Eng yaxshi natija”, “7-sinfda o‘qiydi”.
4
Why is “ko‘plab odamlar” right while “yigirma odamlar” is wrong?
Because ko‘plab expresses indefinite plurality and goes with a plural noun; with yigirma the number itself shows the quantity, so the plural suffix is redundant.