6
Environmental problems (B)
Textbook: pp. 30–33
GoalUsing conditionals in writing about noise pollution; word building and word combinations (pollution, pollute, polluted).
New words
noise · shovqinpollute · ifloslantirmoqcause · sababeffect · oqibat
Explanation
Conditionals help to link causes and effects in writing: If people keep playing loud music at night, neighbours will lose sleep. When we suggest solutions, the second conditional sounds like polite advice: If the city built more green walls, traffic noise would drop. Word building: pollute (verb) – pollution (noun) – polluted (adjective) – pollutant (noun, a substance that pollutes). Useful combinations: air pollution, noise level, cause damage, take action, harmful effects. Unless means if ... not: Unless we act, the problem will get worse.
Worked examples
If the airport were built closer to the town, residents would complain about the noise day and night.
Unless builders use quieter machines, the noise level in the area will stay high.
Class activity
“Problem – solution” table: groups list noise sources (traffic, construction, music) and suggest a solution for each with an if-sentence.
Practice
1
Rewrite with unless: If we don’t plant trees, the dust will increase.
Unless we plant trees, the dust will increase.
2
Give the noun and the adjective of the verb “pollute”.
pollution; polluted
3
Complete the second conditional: If the school ___ (ban) plastic bags, students ___ (bring) cloth bags.
banned; would bring
4
Name two harmful effects of loud noise and explain one of them.
For example: lack of sleep and stress. Noise wakes people at night, so they feel tired and cannot concentrate the next day.