3
Creative ways of learning (A)
Textbook: pp. 18–21
GoalUsing for, since and yet with have/has + past participle to talk about duration and unfinished actions; describing creative ways of learning.
New words
creative · ijodiyskill · ko‘nikmaconsult · maslahatlashmoqcontribute · hissa qo‘shmoq
Explanation
For shows the length of a period: for two years, for a month. Since shows the starting point: since 2021, since Monday, since I was ten. Both normally go with the Present Perfect: I have played the dutar for three years; she has lived here since May. Yet is used in negatives and questions, usually at the end: I haven’t finished the poster yet. Have you chosen a topic yet? Yet suggests that the action has not happened but is expected. Before choosing for or since, ask yourself: is it a period or a point in time?
Worked examples
Our class has used mind maps since September, and we have created twelve of them for different subjects.
I haven’t recorded my video lesson yet, but I have already written the script.
Class activity
“Timeline” game: write years on the board; each student states a fact about their life with for or since (I have studied English since 2016 / for five years).
Practice
1
Fill in for or since: She has worked on this project ___ three weeks.
for
2
Fill in for or since: We have known our English teacher ___ the first year.
since
3
Make a question with yet: you / write / the essay
Have you written the essay yet?
4
Why is “I have lived here since five years” wrong?
Since needs a point in time. A period of time (five years) needs for: I have lived here for five years.