Lessons 4 · 1 lessons · F. Rashidova, N. Tillayeva, M. Xamzayeva, G. Ristiboyeva. English, Pupil’s Book, Grade 11, 1st edition. “O‘zbekiston” NMIU, Tashkent, 2018
4
Creative ways of learning (B)
Textbook: pp. 22–25
GoalOther uses of for, since and yet (since = because, yet = but, for = because / purpose / price); word combinations and word building around learning (success – successful – succeed).
Word building: many words change their word class with endings. Verb succeed → noun success → adjective successful → adverb successfully; verb motivate → noun motivation → adjective motivated. Verb + noun combinations matter too: make progress, take notes, meet a deadline, set a goal. For, since and yet have other uses as well: since can mean because (Since the library was closed, we studied at home); yet can mean but (The task looked easy, yet nobody finished it); and in formal writing for can mean because after a comma (He stopped, for he was tired). For can also show a purpose or a price: a course for beginners, a dictionary for 90 000 so‘m.
Worked examples
Since she set a weekly goal, Zarina has made steady progress, although she hasn’t passed the speaking test yet.
He was motivated, and his hard work led to success.
Class activity
“Word family” race: write a verb on the board; teams find the noun, adjective and adverb (four minutes).
Practice
1
What does since mean in this sentence: “Since the bus was full, we walked to the lesson.”?
Because. Here since gives a reason, not a starting point in time.
2
Complete: Her ___ (succeed) in the contest surprised everyone.
success
3
Complete with for, since or yet: I have been preparing for the test ___ October, and I haven’t taken a mock exam ___.
since; yet
4
Explain the difference: “make progress” and “make a mistake”.
Make progress means to improve step by step. Make a mistake means to do something wrong. Both use make, but the nouns are opposite in meaning.