☰ Contents · Natural science

Space: stars, planets and the Solar System

Lessons 16–17 · 2 lessons · Y.V. Malikova. Natural Science Grade 3, Part 1. Novda Edutainment, Tashkent, 2023; Y.V. Malikova. Natural Science Grade 3, Part 2. Novda Edutainment, Tashkent, 2023
16

Stars and planets

Textbook: Part 1, pp. 70–73
GoalKnow the objects in space (star, planet, moon, asteroid, comet) and tell them apart.
New words
space, the universe · koinotmoon, satellite · yo‘ldoshcomet · kometa
Explanation

Space is the huge airless place where the Sun, Moon, stars and planets are found. A star is a giant ball of very hot gas that gives off its own light and heat. The star nearest to us is the Sun. Other stars are very far away, so they look like tiny dots. Sunlight takes about 8 minutes to reach the Earth. A planet is a round body that circles a star; it makes no light of its own and only reflects starlight. A smaller body that circles a planet is a moon; the Earth’s moon is the Moon. An asteroid is a lump of rock; a comet is made of ice and dust and grows a “tail” near the Sun. When a small rock burns up in the Earth’s atmosphere we see a “shooting star” (meteor).

Worked examples
The Sun is a star, the Earth is a planet, and the Moon is a satellite.
A comet’s tail forms when its ice evaporates near the Sun and it stretches away from the Sun.
Class activity

“Space cards”: write star, planet, moon, asteroid, comet on 5 cards. A child draws a card and describes the body (does it make light? what does it circle?), and classmates guess.

Practice
1
What is the main difference between a star and a planet?
2
Which star is nearest to us?
3
How long does sunlight take to reach the Earth?
4
How does an asteroid differ from a comet?